In addition, users often combine several

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic versions of natural male sex hormone testosterone. Anabolic refers to muscle growth and androgenic refers to increased male sexual characteristics. Steroids are a class of drugs. These drugs can be legally prescribed to treat conditions caused by deficiency of steroid hormones, such as delayed puberty, and diseases that lead to loss of muscle mass, such as cancer and AIDS. As AAS humiliation? Some people like sportsmen and athletes, abuse AAS in an attempt to improve performance and / or improve appearance. AAS taken orally or injected, typically in cycles rather than continuously. Cycling refers to the structure of steroids, which are accepted for a period of several weeks or months, then stopped using for a while and then again. In addition, users often combine several different types of steroids in an attempt to maximize their effectiveness, practice, called each other. As AAS affect the brain? Direct effects of AAS in the brain mediated by their binding to the androgen (male sex hormones) and estrogen (female sex hormone) receptors on the cell surface. This complex can then transfer AASreceptor the cell nucleus to influence gene expression model. Therefore, acute effects of AAS in the brain differs from other drugs. The most important difference is that AAS NOT euphorigenic, ie they do not cause a rapid increase in dopamine, which is responsible for the high, which often makes the behavior of substance abuse. However, prolonged use of AAS can eventually affect the same ways the brain and chemicalssuch as dopamine, serotonin and opioid systemsthat affected by other drugs. Taking into account the cumulative effect of their complex direct and indirect actions, it is not surprising that AAS can affect mood and behavior in important respects. Preclinical, clinical, and some reports suggest that steroids may contribute to psychiatric dysfunction. Research shows that abuse of anabolic steroids can lead to aggression and other adverse effects. For example, although many users report feeling good about themselves while on anabolic steroids, extreme mood swings also can occur, including manic symptoms that can lead to violence. The researchers also noted that users may suffer from paranoid jealousy, extreme irritability, delusions, disturbance decision arising from a sense of invincibility. Animal studies have shown that AAC is reinforcingthat animals to manage AAS when given the opportunity, as they do with other addictive drugs. This property is more difficult to demonstrate in humans, but potential for drug AAS to become addicted according to the subsequent abuse despite physical problems and negative effects on social relations. In addition, persons who abuse steroid usually spend a lot of time and money getting the drug: it is a sign of predisposition. Individuals who abuse steroids can experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking AASthese include mood swings, fatigue, anxiety, loss of appetite, insomnia, decreased sex drive, and steroid cravings, which may contribute to the continuation of violence. One of the most dangerous withdrawal symptoms is depression, when persistent, it can sometimes lead to suicide attempts. Research also shows that some users may apply to other drugs to alleviate some negative effects of AAS. For example, the study 227 men admitted in 1999, a private treatment center for dependence on heroin and other opiates found that 9. 3 percent of abused AAS before trying any other illicit drugs. Of these, 86 percent first used opioids against insomnia and irritability resulting from steroids. What other side effects of AAS on health? Steroids can cause serious, even irreversible health problems. Some of the most dangerous among them include liver damage, jaundice (yellowish pigmentation of skin, tissues and body fluids), fluid retention, high blood pressure, increases in LDL (bad cholesterol) and decreases in HDL (good cholesterol). Other reported effects include renal failure, severe acne and trembling. In addition, there are some gender and age side effects:

Men reduction testicles, reduced sperm count, infertility, baldness, development of breasts, increased risk of prostate cancer

To increase women's facial hair, baldness male pattern, changing or stopping the menstrual cycle, increasing the clitoris, deepened voice >> << For Teenagers In addition, people who inject AAS run the additional risk of infection or transmission of HIV / AIDS or hepatitis, which causes serious liver damage. What treatment options exist? There was very little research on treatment for AAS abuse. The current level of knowledge is mainly due to experience a small number of doctors working with patients steroids conclusion. They found that, in general, supportive therapy combined with education about possible withdrawal symptoms is sufficient in some cases. Sometimes medications can be used to restore balance hormonal system after its disruption steroids. If symptoms are severe or prolonged, symptomatic medications or hospitalization may be necessary. How common is abuse of AAS? Monitoring the Future annual survey used to assess drug use among the people of the 8th, 10th and 12th grades. While steroid use remained stable among all grades from 2007 to 2008 there was a significant decline since 2001 almost all periods of expansion (eg, life, ** past year and past month use) of all grades surveyed. The exception was last month use among 12th graders, which remained stable. Men consistently report lasix 100mg higher rates of use than women: for example, in 2008 2. 5 percent of the 12-class men, compared with 0. 6 percent of 12-class women, reported last year use. For more information on the effects of anabolic androgenic steroids and information about healthy alternatives, see our

* This data is taken from the 2008 Monitoring the Future survey, funded by the National Institute on drug abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, and held at the University of Michigans Institute for Social Research. The study traced the 12th grade illicit drug use and associated relationship since 1975, in 1991, 8 th and 10 th grades were included in the study. Life ** refers to use at least once in the life of respondents. Last year, refers to use at least once during the year preceding the person answers to the test. This month refers to use at least once during the 30 days preceding the person answers to the test. Pope HG-Jr, Kouri EM, Hudson SB. The influence of supraphysiologic doses of testosterone on mood and aggression in normal men: randomized controlled trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57 (2): 133 140 2000. Pope HG-Jr, Katz DL. Affective and psychotic symptoms associated with anabolic steroids. Am J Psychiatry 145 (4): 487490, 1988. Arnedo MT, Salvador Martinez-Sanchez S, Gonzalez-Bono E. Rewarding properties of testosterone in intact male mice: a pilot study. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 65:327332, 2000. DiMeo, RI tree. Self estrogen and dihydrotestosterone in male hamsters. Horm Behav 49 (4): 519 526 2006. Brouwer KJ. Anabolic steroids and addiction. Curr Psychiatry Weight 4 (5): 377 387 2002. Arvary D, Pope HG Jr. Anabolic androgenic steroids as a gateway for the treatment of opioid dependence. N Engl J Med 342:1532, 2000. .